The 20th century brought formal recognition and land rights for Florida’s indigenous communities: Seminole and Miccosukee Reservations: The establishment of reservations, including Big Cypress, Brighton, and Miccosukee lands near the Tamiami Trail, provided legal recognition and a secure homeland. Federal Recognition: The Seminole Tribe
Formation of the Seminole and Miccosukee Peoples
The 18th and 19th centuries saw the emergence of distinct groups who are recognized today as the Seminole and Miccosukee: Creek Migration: Migrants from the Creek Confederacy in Georgia and Alabama moved southward into Florida, blending with surviving indigenous groups. Distinct Identities: Through intermarriage, adaptation to the Evergla
Mississippian Influence and the Fort Walton Culture
From approximately 1000 CE to 1500 CE, Florida experienced the influence of Mississippian cultural traditions, particularly in the Panhandle region: Fort Walton Culture: Centered in northwest Florida, Fort Walton communities built platform mounds, fortified villages, and ceremonial centers. Agricultural Intensification: Maize-based agricu
Archaic Period and Regional Adaptations
Following the Paleo-Indian era, Florida’s indigenous cultures entered the Archaic period (circa 8000–1000 BCE), marked by increased settlement and resource specialization: Coastal and Inland Settlements: Communities established permanent or semi-permanent villages near rivers, lakes, and coastal regions, taking advantage of abundant aquatic